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Упит dcterms_subject_txt:Standards for LRs

1390 items

  • Surface functional groups and degree of carbonization of selected chars from different processes and feedstock

    Marija Ilić, Franz-Hubert Haegel, Aleksandar Lolić, Zoran Nedić, Tomislav Tosti, Ivana Sredović Ignjatović, Andreas Linden, Nicolai D. Jablonowski, Heinrich Hartmann (2022)
    The knowledge ofthe structural and chemical properties of biochars is decisive for their application as technical products. For this reason, methods for the characterization of biochars that are generally applicable and allow quality control are highly desired. Several methods that have shown potential in other studies were used to investigate two activated carbons and seven biochars from different processes and feedstock. The chars were chosen to cover a wide range of chemical composition and structural properties as a hardness ...
    Biougalj, različiti procesi dobijanja, različite sirovine, površinski aktivne grupe, x-ray, FT-IR,XPS
    ... dedicated Rigaku PDXL 2.0 software, comparing them with ICDD PDF2-2016 standards. EC and pH measurements. EC aand pH were determined from leachates of 1 g of biochar in 10 ml demineralized water. The samples were shaken for 2 h at room temperature in a SM30 shaker (Edmund Biihler GmbH, Bodelshausen ...
    ... most cases lower than 1% with the largest error for the oxygen content and the sum of the main elements of PW700g with about 9% for Xo and 2% for XcHos. The sums for all determined elements X (Table 4) were all near 100%, but the deviations for several chars cannot be explained by pure analytical ...
    ... suppressed for chars with higher amount of sp? carbon. The band at 1576 cm” for AC2 and the double band at 1568 and 1544 cm”! for ACI are associated with aromatic skeletal vibrations. Both activated carbons show broad bands of overlapping, peaks with a minimum at 1193 cm'! for AC2 and 1084 cm”" for ACL1 ...

  • From DELA Based Dictionary to Leximirka Lexical Database

    Biljana Lazić, Mihailo Škorić (2020)
    In this paper, we will present an approach in transforming Serbian language Morphological dictionaries from a DELA text format to a lexical database dubbed Leximirka. Considering the benefits of storing data within a database when compared to storing them in textual documents, we will outline some of the functionality that the database has made possible. We will also show how hand-made rules that use category labels lexical entries are marked with can be used to link lexical entries. ...
    Morfološki rečnici, jezički resursi, Leksimirka
    ... the LMF standards, Lemon, Data categories While choosing a lexicographic database model, care was taken to stan- dardize the data from the morphological dictionaries and to make them in- teroperable and reusable. Three standards for lexical information have been considered: Guidelines for Electronic ...
    ... marker “+Tr” for transitive or “+Iref” for ireflexive verbs. The FormGramCat- Properties table contains the grammar categories that occur in the DELAF dictionary. Examples of such grammar codes are “1” for the nominative case, “2” for the genitive case, “m” for the masculine gender, “f” for the feminine ...
    ... assisted in their de- velopment, a need for a more efficient system for managing and developing dictionary emerged. For many years, the dictionaries were maintained with the help of the desktop application Leximir and stored in several textual files. The need for an online application based on lexicographic ...

  • An Approach to Efficient Processing of Multi-Word Units

    Cvetana Krstev, Ivan Obradović, Ranka Stanković, Duško Vitas (2013)
    Efficient processing of Multi-Word Units in the course of development of morphological MWU dictionaries is not easy to achieve, especially when languages with complex morphological structures are concerned, such as Serbian. Manual development of this type of dictionaries is a tedious and extremely slow process. To alleviate this problem we turned to our multipurpose software tool, dubbed LeXimir, in the production of lemmas for e-dictionaries of multi-word units. In addition to that, we developed a procedure aimed at making ...
    Natural Language Processing, Grammatical Category, Lexical Representation, MWU, multi-word unit
    ... same because they need the same information for the production of inflectional forms. This is also reflected in the convention we used for naming the inflectional transducers: A stands for an adjective constituent, N stands for a noun constituent, X stands for a constituent that does not inflect (including ...
    ... electronic dictionaries of Serbian for natural language processing (NLP) are being developed for many years now. Their development follows the methodology and format (known as DELAS/DELAF) presented for French in [3]. E-dictionaries in the same format have been produced for many other languages. This format ...
    ... the values of categories for number, case and gender have to agree. The animacy is important only for the masculine gender nouns in the accusative singular. Since the gender of zvezda ‘star’ is feminine, the animacy is of no relevance for this MWU. This is not the case for Farenhajtov stepen since ...

  • Improvement of geodatabase queries within GeolISS

    Ranka Stanković (2008)
    ... although having some limitations, presents a solid base for digital recording and management of geological data. Future upgrading must be guided by users and any future GeolISS development must follow the evolution of geospatial standards as well as technology trends. First results of the integration ...
    ... April 21–23, Wydawnictwo Poznań- skie Sp. z o.o, Poznań... [13] TMX 1.4b specification, http://www.lisa.org/standards/tmx/tmx.html http://edn.esri.com/ http://www.lisa.org/standards/tmx/tmx.html ...
    ... separately. Ranka Stanković 69 Figure 3. The form for maintenance of query parameters Figure 4 depicts the form for spatial object search for geologic unit outcrop ‘IzdanakKartiraneJedinice’, but in general it can be used for any spatial entity: borehole, well, geologic surface path ...

  • Development of Open Educational Resources (OER) for Natural Language Processing

    Cvetana Krstev, Biljana Lazić, Ranka Stanković, Giovanni Schiuma, Miladin Kotorčević (2015)
    In this paper we present the development of an online course at the edX BAEKTEL platform named “Lexical Recognition in the Natural Language Processing (NLP)”. It is based on the course of the same name for PhD studies at the University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology. There are not many courses in Computational Linguistics (CL) on OER platforms, and there is none in Serbian either for CL or NLP. We have developed this course in order to improve this ...
    E-Learning, Open Educational Resources, Computational Linguistics, Lexical Resources, edX
    ... output for Unitex and it is important for the user to follow the changes that are occurring with the implementation of the graphs. Graphs and transducers are represented in grf format, a Unitex specific readable format for graph representation, and fst2 non-readable format for compiled ...
    ... situation as it can prove useful both for linguists working in corpus linguistics and computer scientists developing NLP applications. The participant will become familiar with the use of Unitex, the corpus processing system for which many valuable resources for Serbian were already developed. This ...
    ... 1994: in Mathematical and CL for students of General Linguistics and students of Serbian language at the Faculty of Philology, as well as NLP graduate courses for students of Mathematics at the Faculty of Mathematics. Over the last 35 years, many resources and tools for processing Serbian have ...

  • Two approaches to compilation of bilingual multi-word terminology lists from lexical resources

    Branislava Šandrih, Cvetana Krstev, Ranka Stanković (2020)
    In this paper, we present two approaches and the implemented system for bilingual terminology extraction that rely on an aligned bilingual domain corpus, a terminology extractor for a target language, and a tool for chunk alignment. The two approaches differ in the way terminology for the source language is obtained: the first relies on an existing domain terminology lexicon, while the second one uses a term extraction tool. For both approaches, four experiments were performed with two parameters being ...
    Linguistics and Language,Software,Artificial Intelligence,Language and Linguistics

  • Towards a Mining Equipment Ontology

    Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović, Olivera Kitanović, Ljiljana Kolonja (2012)
    ... entry for each sub-bench , or reading for each bench, etc.), as well as the maximal range of the data, number of decimals, and its rank for presentation in the analysis. Figure 5: Panel for defining constructive and technological equipment parameters Figure 5 depicts a panel used for overview ...
    ... terminological resource for mining engineering RudOnto can be used, among other things, for production of terminological resource in corresponding sub-fields, often in the form of controlled dictionaries, which are consistent collections of terms selected for a specific purpose. For example, controlled ...
    ... kiLeks class in the UML model is used for translational equivalents. The Bibliografija class is used for representing the sources of a concept or a term, and the Metapodatak class for the corresponding author of the entry. There is also a Multimedija class for implementing multimedia content such ...

  • Old or New, We Repair, Adjust and Alter (Texts)

    Cvetana Krstev, Ranka Stanković (2020)
    U ovom radu predstavljamo kako se e-rečnici i kaskade transduktora konačnih stanja implementirani u alatu Unitex mogu koristiti za rešavanje tri problema transformacije teksta: ispravljanje tekstova nakon OCR-a, vraćanje dijakritičkih znakova i prebacivanje između različitih jezičkih varijanti.
    ispravka teksta, OCR greške, restauracija dijakritika , jezičke varijante, elektronski rečnik, transduktori konačnih stanja
    ... operational systems for three text mending tasks for Serbian: correction of OCR errors, diacritic restoration and switching between two pronunciations. Although these systems were already successfully used for various tasks (for corrections of OCR errors see (Jaćimović, 2019) and for diacritic restoration ...
    ... that transforms dialectal Arabic to Modern Standard Arabic. For Serbian, text mending problems were not often reported through sci- entific channels. Solutions were developed for spelling correction for various platforms (e.g. as an extension for LibreOffice) but very few scientific pa- pers were published ...
    ... c – can stand for č and ć (and c); – z – can stand for ž (and z ); 5 The example text is from the novel by Lazar Komarčić “One devastated mind” (Jедан разорен ум). 68 Infotheca Vol. 19, No. 2, December 2019 Scientific paper – s – can stand for š (and s); – dj – can stand for d (and dj ); – ...

  • Business Models for Small-scale Biomass Projects Development

    Dejan Ivezić, Miodrag Gluščević, Marija Živković (2019)
    Biomass is recognized as the most promising renewable energy source in Serbia. The share of biomass in Serbian final energy consumption is over 10%, but mostly related to traditional use in stoves and ovens. One of the main obstacles for wider implementation of contemporary biomass facilities is the inexperience of consumers and stakeholders in the implementation of “innovative” business models, especially in the cases of small-scale projects. In this paper, three different business models (public utility company, energy cooperative ...
    ... inefficient methods of firewood use. One of the main obstacles for the wider implementation of biomass project is inexperience in implementation of a different business model for startup, financing, and management of biomass projects. Especially for the small-scale projects that have the most significant potential ...
    ... existing heavy fuel oil boilers accounts for further 750 kW (for peak load and back-up purposes). The latter boiler, due to sizing of the biomass boilers, will cover less than 10% of the total annual heat supply of the DH grid. The total investment sum for the new biomass DH plants adds up to 280,000 ...
    ... European countries [7]. Figure 1: Operating model for citizen cooperative [8] Energy cooperative model is primarily interesting for development of district heating system in Kostojevići. Energy cooperative as legal entity would provide financial resource for boiler installation. Resources would be provided ...

  • Production of morphological dictionaries of multi-word units using a multipurpose tool

    Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović, Cvetana Krstev, Duško Vitas (2011)
    The development of a comprehensive morphological dictionary of multi-word units for Serbian is a very demanding task, due to the complexity of Serbian morphology. Manual production of such a dictionary proved to be extremely time-consuming. In this paper we present a procedure that automatically produces dictionary lemmas for a given list of multi-word units. To accomplish this task the procedure relies on data in e-dictionaries of Serbian simple words, which are already well developed. We also offer an evaluation ...
    electronic dictionary, Serbian, morphology, inflection, multi-word units, noun phrases, query expansion
    ... strategy presently consists of 99 rules — 79 for nouns and 20 for adjectives. Among them, 33 rules are for MWUs with 2 components, 34 rules for MWUs with 3 components, 19 rules for MWUs with 4 components, 8 rules for MWUs with 5 components, and 5 rules for MWUs with 6 and 7 components. Examples of ...
    ... successfully used for languages other than Serbian and English, namely, for Bulgarian [11]. The new functionality for production of DELAC entries is also expected to perform successfully without any modifications for other languages. The prerequisites are that there exists a Unitex module for that language ...
    ... dictionaries of Serbian for natural language processing (NLP) are being de- veloped for many years now. Their development follows the methodology and format (known as DELAS/DELAF) pre- sented for French in [1]. E-dictionaries in the same format have been produced for many other languages. This ...

  • Nonequilibrium athermal random-field Ising model on hexagonal lattices

    Svetislav Mijatović, Dragutin Jovković, Đorđe Spasojević (2021)
    Изингов модел, хексагонална решетка

  • Rock slope stability analysis under Hoek–Brown failure criterion with different flow rules

    Svetlana Melentijević, Zoran Berisavljević, Dušan Berisavljević, Claudio Olalla Marañón (2024)
    The stability analysis of homogeneous rock slope following the Hoek–Brown failure criterion under the hypothesis of different flow rules is performed based on limit equilibrium and finite element methods. The applied failure criterion is the generalized Hoek–Brown that can be introduced as a shear/normal function in analysis applying different flow rules. The results are compared with those obtained by the application of equivalent shear strength parameters of the Mohr–Coulomb criterion, considering that this is still the most widely used ...
    Kružna klizna površ, Huk-Braunov kriterijum loma, Kriterijum popuštanja, Smičuća/normalna funkcija, Nivo napona, Verovatnoća i parametarska analiza

  • Indexing of textual databases based on lexical resources: A case study for Serbian

    Ranka Stanković, Cvetana Krstev, Ivan Obradović, Olivera Kitanović (2015)
    In this paper we describe an approach to improvement of information retrieval results for large textual databases by pre-indexing documents using bag-of-words and Named Entity Recognition. The approach was applied on a database of geological projects financed by the Republic of Serbia in the last half century. Each document within this database is described by metadata, consisting of several fields such as title, domain, keywords, abstract, geographical location and the like. A bag of words was produced from these ...
    ... from items k − 1 to k. The results show that for 4 queries AP was higher in the old system, while for 6 queries AP was higher in the new one. Mean Average Precision (MAP) is more than 11% higher for new system in comparison to the old one. One of the reasons for small precision of some queries is the unbalanced ...
    ... disjunction is generated. For example, if the user is inter- ested in projects that deal with the research of “gold in the Bor region”, then mineral resource is selected as one criterion and the words zlato ‘gold’ and Au are defined for search, and the system will search for any of these two words. If ...
    ... morphology, where the keyword for search is always entered in the first person singular, while in the texts that are searched it can occur in different inflectional forms. For languages such as Serbian, some kind of normalization of morphological forms has to be performed both for document indexing and query ...

  • A tool for identifying the criticality in the disordered systems with metastable dynamics

    Svetislav Mijatović, Dragutin Jovković, Sanja Janićević, Stefan Graovac, Đorđe Spasojević (2021)
    Физика кондензоване материје

  • INVENTS: A Hybrid Mine Ventilation Planning and Design System

    Lilić Nikola, Stanković Ranka, Obradović Ivan (2013)
    Ventilation system analysis is a complex process based on the calculation and analysis of numerous parameters. These problems can be successfully solved by the SimVent numerical package, but a full understanding and use of the obtained results require the involvement of an experienced specialist in the ventilation field. The solution was found in the creation of a hybrid system INVENTS, whose knowledge base represents a formalization of the expert knowledge in the mine ventilation field. In this paper we ...
    hybrid systems, mine ventilation, expert systems
    ... frmSimul, Graf and Mreza. These classes represent interface forms for entering, viewing and searching the data, a form for drawing the ventilation system linear scheme, a form for graphical representation of results and a form for communication with other packages within the hybrid system INVENTS ...
    ... system. The system offers safe data archiving for complex data models as this one, as well as all procedures for data manipulation. The use of SQL as a standard query language for data manipulation secures the openness of the hybrid system INVENTS for a connection with different environments. Figure ...
    ... entities: a package for aerodynamic definition of mine ventilation networks - ResNet, a package for ventilation simulation in complex mine ventilation networks - SimVent and a diagnostic expert system for ventilation system analysis - VENTEX. Besides the architecture of a hybrid system for mine ventilation ...

  • GIS Application Improvement with Multilingual Lexical and Terminological Resources

    Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović, Olivera Kitanović (2010)
    ... s of the ISO/TC 37 LMF (ISO, 2008) and ISO 16642 TMF (ISO, 2003) standards were followed. 4. Multilingual Map Annotation In cartography, annotation is the text or graphics on a map that provide substantial information for the map reader. Annotation may identify or describe a specific map ...
    ... related by the Inter-Lingual-Index provide for the sharing of GeolISS with the international GIS community. This feature will be further enhanced by upgrading GeolISS on the basis of users’ requests as well as the evolution of geospatial standards and technology trends. ...
    ... compounds. For instance, if a query is performed with the compound keyword kvarcna stena ‘quartzose, quartz rock’, three inflectional transducers are used: one for the inflection of the adjective kvarcni ‘quartz’, one for the inflection of the noun stena ‘rock’ and one for the compound as ...

  • Development and Evaluation of Three Named Entity Recognition Systems for Serbian - The Case of Personal Names

    Branislava Šandrih, Cvetana Krstev, Ranka Stanković (2019)
    In this paper we present a rule- and lexicon-based system for the recognition of Named Entities (NE) in Serbian news paper texts that was used to prepare a gold standard annotated with personal names. It was further used to prepare training sets for four different levels of annota tion, which were further used to train two Named Entity Recognition (NER) sys tems: Stanford and spaCy. All obtained models, together with a rule- and lexicon based system were evaluated on ...
    NER, Named Entity Recognition Systems, Serbian, Personal Names
    ... (Stenetorp et al., 2012) is a web-based tool9 for text anno- tation, i.e., for adding notes to existing text doc- uments. It is designed for structured annotation, allowing embedded annotations, which are espe- cially convenient for NER. Annotations are ex- ternal, so for each text file, an additional annota- ...
    ... three NER system for personal names in Serbian, we need to have the output re- sults in the same format. After running SPACY NER on a text, an output is provided in BRAT for- mat with ann extension. This format is similar to the one for spaCy training, described in subsec- tion 3.2. For the example given ...
    ... (PERS_1 and PERS_2), while SRP- NER performed significantly worse only for the model with 9 tags. Contrary to our expectations, all NER systems for all models achieved better re- sults for the independent test text DANAS_GOLD than for the test set randomly chosen from the gold standard. Namely, a number ...

  • Determining the Availability of Continuous Systems at Open Pits Applying Fuzzy Logic

    Miljan Gomilanović, Miloš Tanasijević, Saša Stepanović (2022)
    This work presents a model for determining the availability of continuous systems at open pits by applying fuzzy logic and fuzzy inference systems. The applied model was formed by the synthesis of independent partial indicators of availability. The model is based on an expert system for assessing the availability of continuous mining systems. The availability of the system, as a complex state parameter, is decomposed into the partial indicators, reliability, and convenience of maintenance, and the fuzzy compositions, used ...
    системи, континуални систем експоатације, површински коп, рударство, расположивост, фази логика, max–min композиција, min–max композиција

  • A Data Driven Approach for Raw Material Terminology

    Olivera Kitanović, Ranka Stanković, Aleksandra Tomašević, Mihailo Škorić, Ivan Babić, Ljiljana Kolonja (2021)
    The research presented in this paper aims at creating a bilingual (sr-en), easily searchable, hypertext, born-digital, corpus-based terminological database of raw material terminology for dictionary production. The approach is based on linking dictionaries related to the raw material domain, both digitally born and printed, into a lexicon structure, aligning terminology from different dictionaries as much as possible. This paper presents the main features of this approach, data used for compilation of the terminological database, the procedure by which it has ...
    sirovine, rudarstvo, terminologija, rečnik, terminološka aplikacija, mobilna aplikacija, digitizacija, leksički podaci, korpusi, otvoreni povezani podaci
    ... (Open) Data (LOD) paradigm for publishing lexical resources, that is, to use URIs for unambiguously identifying lexical entries, their components and their relations in the web of data—to make lexical datasets accessible via http(s), to publish them in accordance with W3C-standards such as RDF and SPARQL ...
    ... Data approach, using its set of design principles for sharing machine-readable interlinked data on the Web. This vision of globally accessible and linked data on the internet is based on RDF standards of the semantic web, using RDF serialisation for data representation. To that end, our approach envisages ...
    ... datasets in compliance with Semantic Web standards, offering a general-purpose collaborative environment for development of any type of RDF dataset (with dedicated facilities for ontologies, thesauri and lexicons), including editing capabilities and managing SPARQL endpoint [60]. The system is able to interact ...

  • The Usage of Various Lexical Resources and Tools to Improve the Performance of Web Search Engines

    Krstev Cvetana, Stanković Ranka, Vitas Duško, Obradović Ivan (2008)
    In this paper we present how resources and tools developed within the Human Language Technology Group at the University of Belgrade can be used for tuning queries before submitting them to a web search engine. We argue that the selection of words chosen for a query, which are of paramount importance for the quality of results obtained by the query, can be substantially improved by using various lexical resources, such as morphological dictionaries and wordnets. These dictionaries enable semantic ...
    LR web services, MultiWord Expressions & Collocations, Information Extraction, Information Retrieval
    ... significantly improve retrieval performances. For instance, if a query is performed with the keyword beli luk, three inflectional transducers are used: one for inflection of the adjective beli ‘white’, one for inflection of the noun luk ‘onion’ and one for the compound as whole which takes care of ...
    ... inflectional forms, for instance, štrajk, štrajka, štrajkovi, ... The inflection is done by Unitex procedures that use morphological dictionaries and inflectional FSTs for Serbian. The inflection works both for simple words and compounds. 3. The addition of synonyms – for instance, the synonym ...
    ... Language Technology Group at the University of Belgrade can be used for tuning queries before submitting them to a web search engine. We argue that the selection of words chosen for a query, which are of paramount importance for the quality of results obtained by the query, can be substantially improved ...